What Is Downward Communication ?It is just opposite of upward communication (where message flows from lower to
top level of management). Downward communication is a type of communication
process in which information, messages, orders and instructions are flow or
transmitted vertically down from top management to...
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What Is Upward Communication ?
It is a type of communication in which information or message flows vertically from
lower level subordinates to upper level management. Upward communication
encourages lower level employees to provide suggestions and ideas so the top
management can make proper plan and sound decisions....
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What Is Decentralization ?Decentralization is a type of organization set up in which authority and power
is delegated to the middle and lower level management. It is just opposite of
centralization where decision making authority is reserved in the top
management. In this structure departmental heads, branch...
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What Is Centralization ?
Centralization is a traditional type of organization set up in which power and
authority such as decision making, planning, policy making, supervision,
direction, resource allocation etc. are exercised by the higher level
management. It is commonly practiced by small organizations having...
What Is Laissez Faire Leadership Style ?
It is just opposite of authoritarian leadership style (where authority and
power is exercised by the leader only). In laissez faire leadership style,
authority is delegated to the employees and they are free to set goals and
make decisions. Superiors trust their...
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What Is Democratic Leadership Style ?
A management system where subordinates are encouraged to take part in the
decision making process is called democratic leadership style. Leaders allow
the employees to give their views, ideas, suggestions and opinions while
making decisions. This leadership brings specialization...