Advantages And Disadvantages Of Job Enlargement

Business , Management

 Benefits Or Advantages Of Job Enlargement

The main advantages of job enlargement can be studied as follows:


1. Proper Utilization Of Human Resources


Because of enlarged tasks and responsibilities employees can use their skills and abilities (both mental and physical) more efficiently. So, job enlargement ensures better utilization of human resources in the organization.


2. Minimization Of Boredom


In job enlargement, roles and responsibility are added to the existing job level. Increased duties and tasks helps to reduce monotony, boredom and fatigue among the employees.


3. Employee Motivation


Additional responsibilities and variety of activities help workers to improve their skills, knowledge, talents and experience . It motivates them for better performance.


4. Learning And Growing Opportunity


Variety of tasks provide learning opportunity to the employees. It is very helpful in personal growth and career development.


5. Responsible And Accountable


Because of the expansion of job, employees become more responsible and accountable. It also helps to maintain proper discipline in the organization.


6. Job Satisfaction


Job enlargement minimizes boredom, ensures proper utilization employees' talent and knowledge, increases motivation and provides learning opportunity, it helps to increase job satisfaction among the workers. Job satisfaction leads to increase in productivity and profitability of the firm.


7. Less Operation Cost


It provides additional jobs to the existing employees. So, more tasks can be completed by suing less manpower. It helps to reduce operational costs in the organization.


8. Suitable For


Job enlargement is suitable for unskilled and semiskilled workers to boost their performance.


Drawbacks Or Disadvantages Of Job Enlargement


The main disadvantages of job enlargement can be described as follows"


1. Workload 


Job enlargement increases workload but level of responsibility remains the same which may create frustration among employees.


2. Lower Efficiency And Quality


Job enlargement does not encourage specialization and division of labor. It only increases jobs and roles. Because of less specialization and overload of tasks, workers' efficiency and quality of output may decrease.

advantages disadvantages job enlargement

3. Lower Productivity


It takes time to handle more tasks and to adjust with new system. So, it may reduce productivity for a short period of time.

     

       Also Read: 

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Job Enrichment

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Job Rotation

Advantages Of Job Satisfaction


4. More Training And Development Costs


Because of increased tasks, it may require more training and development programs to enhance employees' performance. So, it is a costly method of job design.


5. Additional Pay


Workers may argue for additional pay for enlarged jobs. It may create misunderstanding and conflict between employees and management.


6. Not Suitable For


It is a horizontal enlargement of tasks which does not provide additional authority and responsibility.. So, job enlargement is not suitable for skilled and specialist manpower. 

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Job Rotation

Business , Management
Benefits Or Advantages Of Job Rotation 
 
The main advantages of job rotation can be described as follows: 

1. Elimination Of Monotony And Boredom

Employees may become bored, fatigue and monotonous by doing same job for a long period of time. Job rotation provides new job, new challenge and new environment that helps to reduce boredom, monotony and fatigue.

2. Career Development Opportunity

Job rotation encourages the employees to enhance their skills, knowledge and capacity. Employees can gain work experience by performing different types of jobs. It helps them to handle different tasks, deal with different people and cope with different situations. Broaden skills and work experience are very important for career development.

3. Identification Of Strength And Weakness

It explores skills, talents, interests, and attitudes of employees. It helps the management to identify the strength and weak side of the employees. So, duties and responsibilities can be allocated as per their talent and capacity.

4. Employee Motivation

Job rotation minimizes boredom, provides opportunity to explore hidden talent, helps to increase skills and experience to the employees.It increases employee motivation and that leads to jobs satisfaction and lowers the rate of employee turnover. 

5. Avoids Fraudulent

Because of job rotation strategy, employee cannot stick with the particular job for long period. So, he/she cannot take advantage of loopholes and practice fraud activities.

6. Handle Grievance

It follows the principle of 'Right man in the right place'. So, it tries to find out the talents and skills of the employees by rotating them between different jobs. Finally tasks are given according to their capability. It creates proper working environment, reduces boredom and motivates employees to perform better. So, it is an important tool to handle employee grievance.

Drawbacks Or Disadvantages Of Job Rotation

The main disadvantages of job rotation can be described as follows:

1. More Time, Effort And Cost

Rotating employees from one job to another requires different resources. It consumes time, labor and extra cost to practice this strategy. So, it is costly as well as more time and effort consuming program. 

2. Decreased Productivity

Shifting of workers from one job to another may create adjustment issues. It may interrupt the smooth working environment in the organization. It  reduces production efficiency and may result in decrease in productivity that leads to decrease in the profitability of the company.
advantages disadvantages job rotation
3. Not Suitable For All

Some jobs requires highly skilled and experienced employees to perform properly. Less skilled and inexperience staffs cannot perform the tasks of experts and specialists. So, job rotation is not suitable for all types of jobs.

     Also Read: 

4. Anxiety And Stress

Regular shifting of job may create stress and anxiety among the employees. It may negatively impact their working capacity and lower the performance level at the workplace.

5. Demotivate 

Highly skilled and specialist employees may feel frustrated and demotivated to perform the jobs which are done by less qualified lower level employees.

6. Not Affordable

It takes more time, more money and more effort to conduct job rotation program. It is a complex strategy which cannot be afforded by small organizations having limited resources.
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Advantages Of Standardization

Business , Marketing
The main advantages of standardization can be studied as follows:

Benefits Or Advantages Of Standardization To The Customers

1. Better Quality Products

Standardization ensures uniformity and consistency of the product quality. Consumers can buy standardized products without any doubt and hesitation.

2. Using Method

Composition of product and using instructions are given by the manufacturers. So, consumers can use such products easily

3. Fixed Price

Standardized goods are properly packaged and labeled. Customers can get information about price of such products with the help of description provided. So, sellers cannot cheat buyers.

4. Buying Decision

With the help of advertisement and other sources (other buyers and users) customers can get various information (such as price, size, weight, quality, uses, durability etc.) easily. So, buyers can make buying decision without inspecting the goods.

Advantages Or Benefits Of Standardization To The Sellers And Manufacturers

1. Selling Facility

Standardized goods can be sold easily without giving any instructions or suggestions because consumers can buy those products by looking description and sample. So, sellers can sell such products easily.

2. Market Expansion

Standardization helps to attracts more customers because of uniformity and consistency in quality and price of the product. It helps to increase demand of the product. So, company can widen its market.

3. Customer Retention

It helps to increase image and goodwill of the business. Good image and goodwill promotes customer loyalty and customer retention.

4. Mass Production

It promotes mass production because of customer retention, high demand and market expansion. Mass production helps to reduce the cost of production. Manufacturers can also enjoy the benefits of economies of scale.
advantages of standardization

Benefits Or Advantages Of Standardization To The Society

1. Standard Quality Goods

Because of mass production, people can buy better quality products at reasonable price.

2. Employment Opportunity

Company should increase its production capacity because of market expansion and high demand. It should hire more employees. So, unemployed people can get job opportunity. It helps to reduce the unemployment rate in the society.

3. Better Standard Of Living

People can afford high quality products at lower price. Employment opportunity helps to increase the income of the society. So, standardization helps to improve the standard of living.
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Market Segmentation

Business , Marketing

 Benefits Or Advantages Of Market Segmentation


The main advantages of market segmentation can be highlighted as follows:


1. Market Identification 


It is the process of dividing the market into different segments and grouping the potential customers on the basis of demography, psychography, geography and behavior. It helps the marketer to identify the proper market and the right group of customers.


2. Market Specialization


Market segmentation helps to understand the needs, wants and desire of the customers. Marketers try to offer suitable products and services by developing right products, right price, suitable promotional techniques and better distribution channel to satisfy targeted customers. So, it promotes market specialization.


3. Market Expansion


Market expansion is possible with the help of geographic segmentation. So, it provides an opportunity to break into new market.


4. Customer Retention


Products and services are designed as per the needs and interests of the customers. So, market segmentation leads to customers satisfaction. Satisfied customers become loyal to the company. Therefore, it promotes customer life cycle and customer retention.


5. Better Strategies


It helps the marketers to design better marketing strategies, proper utilization of resources and better allocation of budget to satisfy the needs of the market. Better marketing strategy also help to deal properly with the competitors also.


6. Suitable For


Market segmentation is suitable for small and newly established firms because they cannot compete with large companies in the entire market.


Disadvantages Of Market Segmentation


The main drawbacks or disadvantages of market segmentation can be highlighted as follows:


1. Increased Costs


It requires more efforts, time and money for research and development, promotion and distribution. Costs also increase because of different marketing strategies in different market segments. Inventory costs also increase because of larger inventory of goods. So, market segmentation increases overall costs of the company.


advantages disadvantages market segmentation

2. Wrong Selection 


It works properly if right and relevant market segments are selected . There may exist a chance of selection of wrong, irrelevant and very small segments . In such situation, company fails to identify right group of customers and cannot sell its products or services properly.


3. Change In The Market


Characteristic of market changes according to the change in the behavior, buying habit and income of the customers. Marketers may face difficulties because of these changes in the market. 

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Process Costing

Accounting , Business

Merits Or Advantages Of Process Costing


The main advantages of process costing can be highlighted as follows:


1. Simple Method Of Costing


Process costing is very simple method of computing costs of each stage or process of production. Because of homogeneous products, average cost of product can be calculated easily in less time.


2. Periodic Calculation Of Cost


Cost of each process and per unit cost of finished products can be determined periodically at short intervals with less clerical and paper works. 


3. Suitability


Process costing is suitable for standardized products, large scale production, identical or homogeneous products etc.


4. Better Managerial Control


Cost and performance of each process or department can be evaluated regularly at short intervals. With the help of standard costing, management can take appropriate steps to minimize unnecessary costs and wastage. So, process costing facilitates the management for better control.


advantages disadvantages process costing

5. Flexible Method


Manufacturing firms can add or remove process as per their needs and requirements in order to control the cost of production. So, process costing facilitates flexibility in the production process.


Demerits Or Disadvantages Of Process Costing


The main disadvantages of process costing can be highlighted as follows:


1. Historical Value


This costing method uses historical or past cost data. So, it may not provide accurate cost information for better control.


     

      Also Read:

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Activity Based Costing

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Job Order Costing

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Standard Costing


2. Inaccuracy


There exists a chance of inaccuracy or error while estimating the cost of work in progress or finished goods because it is based on average cost.


3. Unsuitability


Process costing is not suitable for diverse products. It is suitable only for identical products.


4. Difficulty In Average Cost


It is very difficult and complex to find out average cost if the company manufactures more than one type of products.

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Delegation Of Authority

Business , Management
Benefits Or Advantages Of Delegation Of Authority

The main advantages of delegation of authority can be studied as follows:

1. Specialization

Authorities and responsibilities are delegated as per the skills, abilities, knowledge and experience of subordinates. So, delegation of authority promotes specialization and division of work in the organization.

2. Reduce Pressure And Workload

In delegation, routine routine tasks are assigned to middle level and lower level managers. It reduces the pressure, stress and workload of top level manager. Manager get enough time to conduct other important creative and productive activities.

3. Quick Decisions

Lower level managers get the authority to make decisions which helps to improve their decision making power. They do not need to consult top managers to take decision which ensures prompt decisions at the workplace.

4. Employee Development

Delegation of authority helps to develop skills and capabilities of subordinates. It helps them to perform challenging jobs which helps to develop managerial qualities.

5. On-the-job Training

Delegation of authority is a kind of on-the-job training where subordinates can learn, improve skills and develop managerial abilities at the workplace.

6. Better Understanding

It helps to build trust and better understanding between managers and subordinates in the organization. It promotes effective communication and sense of team spirit while performing the job.

7. Expansion And Diversification

Delegation creates well-trained, dedicated and competent team of subordinates. So, it is helpful for expansion, growth and diversification of organization.

8. Suitability

Delegation of authority is suitable for large organizations with different departments, branches and units with various organizational activities.

Drawbacks Or Disadvantages Of Delegation Of Authority

The major disadvantages of delegation can be studied as follows:

1. Misunderstanding And Conflict

Because of lack of proper communication and coordination, there exists a chance of misunderstanding and conflict between managers and subordinates. It may negatively affect the performance and productivity of the firm.

2. Poor Results

It authority and responsibility is delegated to unskilled and incompetent subordinate, then the organization cannot achieve desired results because of poor performance.

3. Misuse Of Power

Another drawback of delegation is that the subordinate can misuse his.her power by taking wrong decisions for personal benefit.

4. Burden On Subordinates

Delegation of authority increases the workload and stress of subordinates. Pressure of work may lose interest and lower the motivation towards the job.
advantages and disadvantages of delegation of authority
5. Lack Of Self Confidence

Superior tries to delegate boring and not properly defined tasks to the subordinates. In most cases, very limited power is given to them which reduce the self confidence of the employees.

6. Low Quality Of Work

If authority is not delegated properly to the proper person, then the quality of work will be affected. It negatively affects productivity, goodwill and image of the business.

7. Not Suitable

Delegation of authority is not suitable for small firms with limited organizational activities.

Pros And Cons Of Delegation Of Authority In Short

Pros:
- It reduces the burden of  top management
- It motivates middle and lower level managers
- It encourages specialization in the workstation
- It facilitates quick and sound decisions
- It facilitates growth and diversification
- It provides learning opportunity for subordinates

Cons:
- It increases the burden of middle and lower level of management
- There is a possibility of confusion, misunderstanding and conflict because of the lack of proper communication between managers and subordinates
- It is not suitable for unskilled and incompetent employees
- It may reduce self confidence and motivation of employees if authority is not delegated properly
- It is not applicable for small organizations
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